Pendekatan Tatalaksana dan Pengawasan Efek Samping Pemanjangan Masa QT Interval dalam Pengobatan Tuberkulosis Resisten Obat

Raden Fidiaji Hiltono Santoso*, Herikurniawan**, Mira Yulianti**

*Divisi Kardiologi, Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam RS Cipto Mangunkusumo

**Divisi Pulmonologi, Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam RS Cipto Mangunkusumo

ABSTRACT

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the deadliest infectious diseases in the world. A major challenge in its treatment is the long duration of therapy, which often leads to low patient adherence to medication. This can result in incomplete treatment, therapy failure, and the development of drug resistance.

Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) occurs when TB bacteria no longer respond to first-line anti-TB drugs such as rifampicin and/or isoniazid. In the treatment of DR-TB, the use of combination therapy that includes bedaquiline has been shown to yield better outcomes. However, it is also associated with an increased risk of cardiac side effects, particularly arrhythmias caused by QT interval prolongation.

QT interval prolongation can trigger dangerous arrhythmias and increase the risk of sudden death. Therefore, it is crucial to conduct thorough risk assessments and monitor the side effects of DR-TB treatment, especially for drugs that carry a risk of QT prolongation. Additionally, a good understanding of emergency management for arrhythmias is essential to ensure patient safety and treatment success.

Keywords: Tuberculosis, DR-TB, MDR-TB, QT Interval Prolongation, Arrhythmia.